Văn hóa phương Tây (hay văn hóa Tây phương, đôi khi được đánh đồng với văn minh phương Tây, thế giới phương Tây, xã hội phương Tây và văn minh châu Âu) là một thuật ngữ được sử dụng rất rộng rãi để chỉ di sản của chuẩn mực xã hội, các giá trị đạo đức, truyền thống và phong tục, hệ thống niềm tin, chế độ chính trị và cụ thể tạo tác và công nghệ có nguồn gốc hoặc liên kết với châu Âu.
Thuật ngữ này cũng được áp dụng ngoài châu Âu cho các quốc gia và nền văn hóa có lịch sử được kết nối mạnh mẽ với châu Âu bằng cách nhập cư, thuộc địa hoặc ảnh hưởng. Ví dụ, văn hóa phương Tây bao gồm các quốc gia ở châu Mỹ và châu Úc, có ngôn ngữ và dân tộc thiểu số là người châu Âu. Văn hóa phương Tây chịu ảnh hưởng nhiều nhất từ các văn hóa Hy-La và Kitô giáo.[2]
Văn hóa phương Tây được đặc trưng bởi một loạt các chủ đề và truyền thống nghệ thuật, triết học, văn học và pháp lý; di sản của nhiều dân tộc châu Âu. Kitô giáo, bao gồm Giáo hội Công giáo,[3][4][5] Tin lành[6][7] và Chính thống giáo,[8][9] cũng đã đóng một vai trò nổi bật trong việc hình thành nền văn minh phương Tây kể từ ít nhất thế kỷ thứ 4[10][11][12][13][14] cũng như Do Thái giáo (đặc biệt là Do Thái giáo Hy Lạp và Kitô giáo Do Thái).[15][16][17][18] Ý niệm về “phương Tây” có từ thời Đế quốc La Mã khi hình thành sự khác biệt Đông phương Hy Lạp và Tây phương Latinh.
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106 thoughts on “Văn hóa Phương Tây”
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